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TERM OF REFERENCE (TOR)

CONSULTANCY FOR: BEHAVIOUR CHANGE STRATEGY AND SMART INCENTIVE MECHANISM FOR ZERO-PLASTIC WASTE

SOLUSI PROJECT IN CENTRAL JAVA, CENTRAL SULAWESI, AND BANGKA BELITUNG PROVINCES

April–September 2025

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SNV NETHERLANDS DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION

SNV is a mission-driven global development partner rooted in the contexts and societies where we work. And that mission is to strengthen capacities and catalyze partnerships that transform the agrifood, energy, and water systems to enable sustainable and more equitable lives for all. We are one team of over 1,600 people, the vast majority of whom come from the contexts where we work, in more than 20 African and Asian countries.

SNV has 3 main approaches in the agrifood sector: a) resilient and productive landscape, b) inclusive food market and green investment, and c) healthy diets for all. In addition to these core approaches, 3 cross-cutting aspects are implemented, namely 1) gender and social inclusion, 2) good governance, and 3) climate mitigation and adaptation.

In Indonesia, SNV started operating in 2013 with the Ministry of Home Affairs as the main partner. SNV has actively implemented projects in some provinces, including North Sumatera, Jambi, South Sumatera, and West Java, in key commodity supply chains, including oil palm, rubber, coffee, dairy, coconut, and cassava.

 

SOLUSI

SOLUSI is a project funded by the International Climate Initiatives to mitigate the degradation of land and seascapes in Indonesia, increasing the resilience of ecosystems and promoting climate-resilient livelihoods. The national, sub-national, and local stakeholders improve spatial and development planning by incorporating green and blue economy principles. The project promotes sustainable business models, ecotourism, integrated waste management, access to sustainable finance, and public-private community partnerships. Upscaling will enhance national planning processes and promote a strong interest among farmers—including young people, women, and indigenous groups.

The project encompasses national and regional interventions in three provinces: Central Java, Bangka-Belitung Islands, and Central Sulawesi. The three regions are Bappenas' focus areas regarding the land-to-seascape integrated approach. They are diverse in stages of conservation, restoration, socio-economic development, coastal-marine resource management, and land-use change dynamics of the diverse archipelago of Indonesia.

SNV is one of the implementing partners in SOLUSI alongside The German Development Agency (GIZ) as the main implementing partner, the Indonesian Biodiversity Foundation (KEHATI), and the International Centre for Research in Agroforestry (World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF)). SNV's role is to support the development of integrated waste management, innovative finance strategies and mechanisms at national and subnational levels and public-private community partnerships at least 3 models for three provinces.

 

PROBLEM STATEMENT

Indonesia is a country with an area of around 781 million hectares, consisting of 325-million-hectare sea and 255 million hectares of them is an Exclusive Economic Zone. Around 201 million ha of the total area is considered land area. With vast land and sea areas, Indonesia has huge potential from its natural resources.  Due to geographically located in the tropical region, Indonesia is home for various species and becomes one of the mega biodiversity countries. However, Indonesia is also vulnerable to various natural disaster. Over the last 10 years (2014-2023), more than 90% of disasters that occurred was dominated by hydrometeorology disaster and predicted to potentially increase due to climate change (BNPB, 2023). With its vast territory, potential and existing challenges, Indonesia needs an integrated land and seascape management to obtain​ sustainable development.​

The government of Indonesia (GoI) has stated its commitment in sustainable development along with maintaining the quality of ecosystem as reflected in green economy development. In 2020, the GoI has enforce Law no. 11/2020 concerning Job Creation which mandates integration spatial plan​ between land and sea scape at national and local level. The integration must align with planning development in accordance with Law no. 26/2007 concerning Spatial Plan. The spatial integration​ is essential to support three pillars of sustainable development, which are economic, environmental, and social. In the context of land and sea scape, sustainable development can be achieved by strengthening the resilience ecology, welfare society, securing natural resources, and implement good governance at all levels 'from ridge to reef '. This concept puts integrated land and seascape management into the center of Government's agenda for transformation towards green and blue economy.

To implement the integrated land and seascape and achieve economic transformation, the GoI should move towards low-carbon strategy including to put circular economy into action by addressing plastic waste. The International Institute for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) in 2021 stated that globally at least there are 14 million tons of plastic polluted sea water every year. The World Bank report (World Bank, 2019) recorded that Indonesia occupies second highest in the world as contributor of plastic waste in the ocean. As one of the countries with the largest population in the world, urban areas in Indonesia produce a predicted 105,000 tons of waste per day. The figure will keep increasing to reach 150,000 tons of waste per day by 2025 (World Bank, 2019). This is likely due to high consumption on single-use plastic such as shopping bags, plastic straws, cutlery, and packaging. The condition is threatening both land and ocean environment as well as public health.

Improperly managed plastic waste on land can be carried by river flows and eventually contaminate the ocean. While in Indonesia, current waste management system is linear, focusing mainly on collection and transportation, without emphasizing the 3R principles. As landfill space continues to decrease, the volume of waste keeps increasing, exacerbating the issue. Additionally, community awareness and behavior regarding waste reduction, source separation, and proper waste management remain low. Furthermore, there are significant limitations in resources, infrastructure, technology, and regulations needed to support a circular economy based on recycled plastic. These challenges highlight the need for a smart incentive mechanism for zero-plastic waste. Without a structured and effective incentive system, it's difficult to motivate individuals, businesses, and communities to change their behaviors and adopt sustainable practices. Smart incentives, such as rewards for proper waste separation, financial benefits for recycling, or penalties for excessive plastic use, could encourage active participation in waste reduction and the adoption of circular economy principles. These incentives could also help address the resource, infrastructure, and technological gaps by making the transition to a zero-plastic waste system more attractive and feasible for various stakeholders. 

For this reason, the SOLUSI program (Solution for Integrated Land and Sea Landscape in Indonesia) aims to develop behaviour change strategy (WP III.4.1), establish a smart incentive mechanism (WP III.4.3), and enhance the capacity of local actors and private sector on plastic waste management (WP III.4.2). Table below shows the roadmap of work package smart incentive mechanisms towards zero-plastic waste management:

 

OBJECTIVES

The SOLUSI project works on land- and seascape (LaS) area in 3 provinces, i.e Bangka Belitung (Belitung and Belitung District), Central Java (Banyumas, Cilacap, and Kebumen District), and Central Sulawesi (Palu, Sigi, Donggala, and Parigi Moutong District). However, the activity on plastic waste will be conducted in three target areas which will contribute to the LaS areas as follow:

1. Belitung District, Province of Bangka Belitung
2. Parigi Moutong District in Central Sulawesi
3. Cilacap and Banyumas District in Central Java.

The objectives and the tasks to be performed by the consultant:

1. Develop behaviour change strategy for period of 2025-2027 to reduce plastic waste which include the following assessments:
1. Unpack the existing integrated waste management in the three target areas and its contribution to the LaS area. The assessment will explore the mechanism which includes coordinated efforts of various stakeholders to handle waste efficiently. In addition, challenges and opportunities such as on infrastructure, public awareness, waste collection and disposal, technologies, policies, and community involvement need to be analyzed.
2. Identify the local actors in the target area, particularly local community, local government, CSOs, start-up initiatives, and private sectors/producers Collect data and analyse their behaviour on plastics consumption (motives and drivers), challenge and willingness to manage plastic waste from its source, reducing waste and waste segregation, challenge and willingness in practicing 3R (reduce-reuse-recycle), perceptions on plastics waste management through waste-bank (Bank Sampah) or waste transfer station (TPST/ TPS3R).
3. Develop behaviour change strategy on plastic waste management in 3 target areas.
1. Establish effective smart-incentive mechanisms for zero-plastic waste in 3 target areas, including but not limited to the following tasks:
1. Explore and analyse the options on smart-incentives system to increase the willingness in practicing zero-plastic behaviour and integrated solid waste management by local community through TPST/TPS3R and Waste Bank.
2. Engage private sector, start-up companies, and local governments to strengthen plastic waste reduction initiatives.
2. Enhance the capacity of local actors and related stakeholders on plastic waste management by develop campaign strategy and training module on behaviour change communication for plastic waste reduction/management.

The consultant will be provided with desk review on policy and regulation on waste management conducted by SNV-SOLUSI Project.

 

DELIVERABLES

Based on the objective of this consultancy work as mentioned above, the consultant is expected to deliver the following milestones:

Milestone	Deadline	Criteria of acceptance
Output I – Study plan Details methodology and timeline	April/May 2025	Received by SNV
Output II – Intermediate report Existing integrated waste management in targeted area and its contribution to the LaS area Draft behaviour change strategy to reduce plastic waste Draft smart-incentive mechanism for zero-plastic waste	June/July 2025	Presented to Bappenas and local governments
Output III – Training Module Campaign strategy and training module on behaviour change communication for plastic waste reduction/management	August 2025	Presented and approved by local governments
Output IV – Final report Behaviour change strategy to reduce plastic waste Smart-incentive mechanism for zero-plastic waste	September 2025	Presented and approved by local government and Bappenas

 

Period of assignment: from April 2025 until September 2025 (6 Months).

 

IMPLEMENTATION AGREEMENT

Consultants will report to the BCC Advisor and SOLUSI PM and will work closely with the SOLUSI and Consortium team member. The selected team of consultants will be contracted to SNV. All deliverables will be submitted to SNV for final review and approval.

 

QUALIFICATION

These are the criteria to determine the contract winner:

1. Consultant with his/her team should be experienced professionals with minimum 5 years' experience in conducting formative research or indepth assessment, preferably with specific experience in solid waste management and behavioral change communication.
2. The proposed team may consist of maximum 4 team members to conduct data collection, analysis, and writing report with the leading project and supporting researchers required qualifications as mentioned below:
1. Lead consultant must obtain graduate degree in a relevant subject of solid waste management, behavioral change communication (BCC), environmental science, public health, project management or related fields. 10 years of experience in BCC, environmental or solid waste management related areas, proven capacity to engage with government, private sectors, community-based organizations, and other relevant stakeholders. Strong written and verbal communication skills in Indonesia and English.
2. Junior consultant & supporting consultant must obtain undergraduate or graduate degree in a relevant subject of solid waste management, behavioral change communication (BCC), environmental science, public health, health promotion, project management or related fields. 5 years of experience in BCC activities, environmental or solid waste management related areas, proven capacity to engage with government, private sectors, community-based organizations, and other relevant stakeholders. Strong written and verbal communication skills in Indonesia and English.
3. The consultants must be fluent in Indonesian and able to write reports in English.
4. Submitted research plan with reasonable budget proposal.

 

KEY COMPLIANCE ISSUES

Key policies and regulations the service provider must comply:

1. SNV Financial Guideline
2. SNV child protection policy
3. SNV environmental and social safeguard policy 

APPLICATION PROCESS

Please send the application documents as follow:

• Application letter
• CV of the team
• Sample of research report
• Technical and financial proposals 

to indonesia-procurement@snv.org cc zsabatian@snv.org by 16th March 2025 with the subject "PR015-Study on Behaviour Change towards Zero-plastic Waste-Name".

 

CLOSING

Thereby framework reference This activity is structured to serve as a reference implementation activity study on behaviour change toward zero-plastic waste in three selected areas.

 

ATTACHMENT

Area Selection for Study:

 

Provincial	District	Reasonable
Bangka Belitung	Belitung	Small island with potential sector of ecotourism There are beach-clean up movement and waste-bank, however most of them are sporadic action with limited involvement from private and business sector. Waste bank and TPS3R are focusing their skills and capacity to collect and manage high-value plastics. DLH has specific task force called Satgas Lebah (Laskar Bersih dari Sampah), however lack of capacity in performing raise awarness Limited action on incentive mechanism on plastic waste management.  High potential to align with national action plan on marine debris.   Belitung is potential for the implementation of smart-incentive behaviour change at ecotourism area which is targeted to reduce marine debris with high involvement of tourism actors, visitors, local commuity, and local government.
Central Sulawesi	Parigi Moutong (Parimo)	Located at Tomini Bay, Parimo is well-known as the heart of the coral triangle Local government has activated waste-bank cooperative (Koperasi Bank Sampah) which is managing 9 waste-bank and 10 small-group waste picker. Limited capacity and skill of waste management. Currently focus on collecting and sorting high-value plastic such as water-bottle. There is no capacity building on waste-bank including financial literacy. There is potential to work with Parigi in community-based capacity building to optimize waste-bank and TPS3R and private sector engagement.   Parimo is potential for the implementation of smart-incentive behaviour change on plastic waste management with strengthening capacity of waste bank and TPS3R in practicing 3R principle with private sector engagement.
Central Java	Cilacap	Highly density population city in Central Java tends to have challenges in waste management, some areas declared overcapacity in their TPA/ final landfill. TPS3R and waste bank has adopted 3R principle with focus on creating circular economy. Some of waste-bank and TPS3R have capacity to manage high and low value plastic as RDF, prylosis with private sectors as potential offtaker company. Well-established CSR Forum as coordination forum for private sectors that can be optimize to increase engagement and as advocacy forum for plastic waste. Potential place to initiate smart-incentive mechanism.   Cilacap is potential for the implementation of smart-incentive behavior change on plastic waste management with strong involvement of private sectors and start-ups.
	Banyumas	Highly density population city in Central Java tends to have challenges in waste management, some areas declared overcapacity in their TPA/ final landfill. TPS3R and waste bank managed by KSM group has adopted 3R principle with focus on creating circular economy. Some of waste-bank and TPS3R have high capacity to recycle high and low value plastic as RDF, prylosis, and paving blocs with private sectors as potential off taker company. However, most of private sectors are originally located in Cilacap (the neighboring's city). Potential place to start private sector engagement and smart-incentive mechanism.   Banyumas is potential for the implementation of smart-incentive behavior change on plastic waste management with initiate private sector engagement and involvement to encourage active participation on waste management as offtaker.

 

Best Regards,

Zakharia Sabatian 

SNV Netherlands Development Organisation

Graha Inti Fauzi Building 

Jalan Hj. Tutty Alawiyah No. 22, 5th Floor | Pejaten Barat, Pasar Minggu, Jakarta Selatan 12510 | Indonesia 

zsabatian@snv.org | www.snv.org | +62 (0)21 7918 6988 

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